Credits

Data credits

Kotobask builds on openly licensed work by other people. The vocabulary lists, the frequency ordering and the part-of-speech labels all come from sources listed below, and we are grateful for them.

JLPT vocabulary lists and levels

JLPT vocabulary lists and level assignments are based on the JLPT resources at tanos.co.uk by Jonathan Waller, used under CC BY.

Source: tanos.co.uk
Author: Jonathan Waller
Licence: Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY)

Word frequency ordering

Words within each level are ordered by how often they appear in written Japanese. The frequency data comes from the internet-jp corpus compiled by the Centre for Translation Studies at the University of Leeds.

Source: Centre for Translation Studies, University of Leeds
Corpus: internet-jp, roughly 253 million tokens
Licence: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Generic (CC BY 2.5)

Part-of-speech information

Whether a word is a noun, a verb, an adjective or an adverb is derived from JMdict, a Japanese multilingual dictionary maintained by the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group.

Source: JMdict
Licence: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)

General vocabulary frequency signals

Aggregate frequency and document-dispersion signals used while selecting General vocabulary were calculated from ABEJA CC-JA, a Japanese web corpus based on Common Crawl. No corpus sentences are included in Kotobask.

Source: ABEJA CC-JA
Use in Kotobask: Aggregate frequency and document-dispersion signals only

Example sentences, English meanings and audio in Kotobask are produced by us and are not part of the sources above. Kotobask is an independent app and is not affiliated with the JLPT or with any of the projects listed on this page.